THE INFLUENCE OF ORPHANAGE HOMES ON A CHILD’S DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONALITY IN ABUJA

THE INFLUENCE OF ORPHANAGE HOMES ON A CHILD’S DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONALITY IN ABUJA

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Background Of Study

Children are a country's most important resource and its future generation. They should be supplied by society with enough opportunities for good physical, mental, social, and moral development, as well as opportunities for education and the development of their personalities (Abro, 2012). It is the role of the state to provide social services and secure the safety of its citizens in addition to protecting the integrity of families since families are the best locations for children to make friends. Parents are the primary caregivers and financial providers for their offspring; but, in the case that the parents are unable to meet these obligations, it is common practice for grandparents or other close relatives to take up these responsibilities. A child is said to be an orphan if either of their biological parents is no longer around (because of death or abandonment) or if those parents are unable to provide for them (UNICEF, 2008). Orphans are children under the age of eighteen who have had significant hardships and are at danger of not completing their education owing to threats to their health to food, shelter, and medical care. There is a significant population of orphans who have lost both of their parental parents and have no other living relatives as a result of a variety of circumstances, including the passing of a parent, the dissolution of the parental relationship, abusive treatment at home, or lack of respect. The most typical factors that lead to a child being taken away from their parents include children like poverty, a lack of access to essential services, physical or emotional abuse, neglect, illness or impairment, and emergency situations (Bilson & Cox; 2007). All of the people of the society who do not pay attention to orphans or give financial assistance should be ashamed of themselves (Meintjes and Bray, 2006). Orphanages are one of the possibilities available to children who do not have any living relatives who are able to assist them in meeting their basic needs, including housing, food, medical care, and an education. Orphanages are charitable institutions that provide residential care for children whose biological parents are either no longer alive or are unable to provide for them in some other way (The Faith to Action Initiative, 2014). Or, to put it another way, an orphanage is a residential facility that provides care for children whose biological parents are either no longer alive, unable to care for them, or unwilling to do so (wisegeek, 2003-2015). It is a children's housing care service that was created to care for children from the moment of their entrance until the moment they attain adulthood or freedom, and it offers itself as a suitable or better option for the families of the children. Orphanages have traditionally served the purpose of providing a home for newborns to be raised in as an alternative actor in welfare and development, as well as to salvage the state's failed role in child protection.

According to UNESCO (2009), orphaned children lose their childhood once they become responsible for providing for themselves. It becomes impossible to access sufficient health and water, basic medical care, a safe place to sleep, appropriate clothing, and an education. On the other side, some relatives are unable to continue functioning because one or both of the parents has passed away, and the care of raising the children is passed on to other members of the extended family. The World Bank (2011) reports that the effects of poverty and the HIV/AIDS epidemic have had a devastating impact on children and the households in which they live. A study that was conducted by UNICEF in 2014 found that throughout the course of the thirty years that the worldwide epidemic of HIV and AIDS has been ongoing, an estimated 153 million children have lost either one or both of their parents due to a variety of factors. It was also mentioned that there are around 30 million HIV-positive children and adolescents under the age of fifteen. As a result, in spite of a decline in global frequency and improved access to treatment, the number of children who are impacted or susceptible has grown. This is due to the fact that children are more likely to be abused in institutions, on the streets, or in child-headed homes. The ongoing economic downturn in several African nations has had a substantial negative effect on the lives of orphaned children. According to Freidman (2000), economic stresses can lead to despair in parents or significant inconsistency in parenting, both of which are connected to children's parental and emotional problems. According to Buckner (2004), children can be placed with relatives or with strangers in a group or home with up to a dozen other foster children living under the continual supervision of a parent or an institution. This can take place in a home or a group setting. According to Maslow (1987), as cited in Biehler and Snowman (2000), if a child's physiological requirements are not addressed, the child will have developmental setbacks in the areas of social interaction, cognitive function, and emotional well-being. Orphanages are one of the most important risk factors for adult poverty because, among other things, they do not make enough investments in their children's human capital. Ainsworth and Filmer (2006) demonstrate that the orphan/non-orphan discrepancy varies significantly from country to country, leading them to the conclusion that it is impossible to make broad statements about the degree to which orphans are at a disadvantage. There has been a proliferation of social institutions in recent years to cater to the needs of orphans all over the world. The orphanage home is only one example of these newer establishments. Because of the moral decline of society in recent years, an increasing number of children are growing up without a biological mother. Young people who are unable to provide for themselves on their own are often coerced into entering the family system, where they eventually abandon their helpless newborn children. The current state of the economy has led to a rise in the frequency of stressful situations that occur within family connections, which has in turn led to a loss of stable control over members of the family. These infants have a tendency to become the focus of attention inside the orphanage home, as may be demonstrated by the rising number of infants that have been abandoned. It is impossible to emphasize the significance that living in an orphanage has on the formation of a child's personality, particularly with regard to the child's pattern of social conduct.

1.2 Statement Of Problem

Children are a nation's most important and precious resource, not to mention its best hope for the future. They should be supplied by society with the opportunities essential for healthy physical, mental, social, and moral development. Additionally, they should be provided with opportunities for the creation of their personalities and education (Abro, 2012). (Abro, 2012). It is the role of the state to provide social services and a secure environment, and it is also the responsibility of the state to maintain the integrity of families while it is performing these responsibilities. Children are more likely to form meaningful relationships with one another within the context of their families. However, in the case that the parents are unable to fulfill these obligations for their children or grandchildren, it is typical for grandparents or other close relatives to step in and take care of their grandkids. Parents are the primary carers and financial providers for their offspring. Orphans are children who have lost both of their biological parents as a result of events such as death, abandonment, or an inability to provide for them (UNICEF, 2008). (UNICEF, 2008). Orphans are vulnerable children under the age of eighteen who have been presented with severe challenges and are at danger of dropping out of school owing to risks to their access to food, shelter, and medical care. "Vulnerable children" is the term that is used to describe orphans. There are a significant number of children in the world who have been orphaned by both of their biological parents and have no other living relatives. This can be the result of a number of different events, such as the death of a parent, the breakup of the family unit, domestic abuse or neglect at home, or abandonment. Taking children away from their parents for reasons such as poverty, a lack of access to critical services, physical or emotional abuse, neglect, disease or disability, and emergency situations are among the most prevalent reasons for doing so (Bilson & Cox; 2007). (Research conducted in 2007 by Bilson and Cox). Those members of society who fail to pay attention to orphans or provide financial aid ought to feel embarrassed about their actions (Meintjes and Bray, 2006). (Meintjes and Bray, 2006). [Citation needed] [Further citation is required] Orphanages are one of the choices that can be made for a child who does not have any living relatives who are in a position to assist them and who, as a result, need housing, medical care, food, an education, or any combination of these things. Orphanages are charity institutions that offer residential care for children whose biological parents are either no longer living or are unable to provide for them in some other way. A report on the Faith to Action Initiative was published in the year 2014. A report on the Faith to Action Initiative was published in the year 2014. Or, to put it another way, an orphanage is a home for children who do not have biological parents as a result of the parents of those children having either passed away, been unable to care for them, or chosen not to do so (wisegeek, 2003-2015). (wisegeek, 2003-2015). It is a children's housing care service that is meant to care for children from the moment of their admission until the point at which they acquire adulthood or independence, and it promotes itself as an alternative that is acceptable for or preferable to the families of the children who are residing there. The intention is that the children will be cared for from the moment they enter the facility until such time as they reach either maturity or independence. Orphanages have traditionally served the purpose of providing a home for infants so that they might be raised as alternative participants in welfare and development programs, as well as to rescue the failed role that the state plays in child protection. This has been the case since orphanages were first established.

Orphaned children are said to be unable to reclaim their childhood once they are forced to take on the responsibility of providing for themselves, as stated by UNESCO (2009). It is become harder to receive the things that are necessary for survival, such as enough sustenance, basic medical treatment, a safe place to live, clothes to wear, and an education. On the other hand, some families are no longer together because one or both of the parents have gone away. In these situations, the task of parenting the children is passed on to other members of the extended family. Children and their families have been subjected to a tremendous amount of suffering as a direct result of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, as stated by the World Bank (2011). This suffering has been caused by the epidemic. According to data that was conducted and released by UNICEF in 2014, throughout the period of the thirty years that the worldwide pandemic of HIV and AIDS has been running, an estimated 153 million children have lost either one or both of their parents as a consequence of different situations. In addition to this, it was reported that there are around 30 million HIV-positive adolescents under the age of fifteen. These adolescents are under the age of fifteen. The number of children who are either affected by the condition or susceptible to it has increased, despite the fact that the prevalence of the condition has decreased around the world and that more people have access to treatment. This is due to the fact that children are more likely to be abused in institutions, on the streets, or in child-headed homes. The continuing economic crisis that has seized various nations in Africa has had a significant and detrimental effect on the lives of children who have lost both of their parents. According to Freidman (2000), economic troubles can lead to parental sadness or severe inconsistent parenting, both of which are connected with children's socio-emotional diseases. This is especially true for single parents. In addition, problems with the economy are an economic cause of joblessness. According to Buckner (2004), children can be placed with relatives or with strangers in a group or house with up to a dozen other foster children living under the continuous supervision of a parent or an institution. Buckner also states that these foster groups or houses must be licensed by the state. This may take place in either a foster home or a group home depending on the circumstances. In Biehler and Snowman (2000), Maslow (1987) makes the child that a child will have developmental setbacks in the domains of sociability, intellectual development, and emotional well-being if his or her physiologic demands are not addressed. Orphanages are one of the most significant contributors to the likelihood of adult poverty for a number of reasons, not the least of which is that they do not place sufficient value on the intellectual development of the children in their care. According to the research conducted by Ainsworth and Filmer (2006), the ratio of orphans to non-orphans varies significantly from country to country. This suggests that it is challenging to make broad statements regarding the extent to which orphans are at a disadvantage. The home for orphans is only one of the numerous social institutions that have sprouted up in recent years to manage the social requirements of orphans all around the world. Other such institutions include foster care facilities and group homes. There are currently a great deal of institutions of this type. As a direct consequence of the moral deterioration that has occurred across society in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of children who have been born into the world without a mother. Young individuals who are unable to provide for themselves on their own are frequently pressured into entering the family system, where they finally give up those defenseless newborns. This is a problem since these young people are often coerced into entering the family system. The current status of the economy has led to a rise in the frequency of stressful events that occur within family relations, which has, in turn, led to a loss of strong control over members of the family. These young children, as seen by the surge in the number of newborns who have been abandoned, have a propensity to wind up being the primary focus of the care provided by the orphanage home. It is hard to understate the influence that growing up in an orphanage has on the formation of a child's personality, particularly in relation to the pattern of social behavior that the youngster will exhibit as they mature into adulthood.

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